Effective and safe myorelaxational and sedative drug for animals
Xylanit is used in animals for the purpose of sedation, anesthesia and muscle relaxation during clinical examination, X-ray examinations, for immobilization of restless and aggressive animals, including during transportation; as a solution of premedication during surgical interventions, painful manipulations, as well as for local and general anesthesia.
It is administered intramuscularly or intravenously (slowly, for 1-2 minutes).
Cattle are injected intramuscularly, depending on the indications, at a dose of 0.25-1.5 ml per 100 kg of animal weight (0.05- 0.3 mg xylazine hydrochloride per 1 kg of animal weight). Depending on the dose of the drug used, sedation and muscle relaxation of varying degrees are observed in the animal:
a) 0.25 ml / 100 kg is a mild sedative effect with a decrease in muscle tone and preservation of body position in space. It is used to calm the animal.
b) 0.5 ml / 100 kg – moderate sedation, with a marked decrease in muscle tone (the animal, as a rule, retains an upright position) and some analgesic effect. It is used for clinical trials, minor surgical interventions mainly in combination with local anesthesia.
c) 1.0 ml / 100 kg of animal weight – pronounced sedation and decreased muscle tone (the animal is lying down), a high degree of anesthesia. It is used for long-term surgical interventions with the possible addition of local or general anesthesia.
d) 1.5 ml / 100 kg – deep sedation, with a complete decrease in muscle tone and a high degree of analgesia. It is used only by adult animals after a preliminary starvation diet for very painful and prolonged operations and during childbirth.
Small ruminants are injected intramuscularly, depending on the indications, at a dose of 0.05-0.25 ml per 10 kg of animal weight (0.1-0.5 mg xylazine hydrochloride per 1 kg of animal weight).
Horses are injected at a dose of 7.5-15.0 ml / 100 kg (1.5-3.0 mg xylazine hydrochloride per 1 kg of animal weight) intramuscularly or 3.0-5.0 ml / 100 kg (0.6-1.0 mg xylazine hydrochloride per 1 kg of animal weight) intravenously slowly, depending on the indications and type of higher nervous activity of the animal. The sedative effect usually occurs within 5 minutes after administration and lasts about 20 minutes. The drug is administered to easily excitable animals in the maximum dose, it is not recommended to administer the drug in the dorsal position of the animal.
In dogs, during manipulations not accompanied by painful manifestations, the drug is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 0.5-1.0 ml / 10kg (1-2 mg xylazine hydrochloride per 1 kg of animal weight), for cats – intramuscularly or subcutaneously at a dose of 0.15 ml / kg (3 mg xylazine hydrochloride per 1 kg of animal weight).
In case of painful manipulations, the combined use of the drug with other drugs (barbiturates, analgesics or local anesthetics) is possible. Anesthesia with barbiturates should be performed no earlier than 20 minutes after administration of the drug, that is, after achieving deep sedation. If these conditions are met, the dosage of barbiturates should be reduced by two to three times. Animals should not be disturbed until the full effect of the drug has occurred. If the required sedation depth is not reached, additional injections to achieve the desired effect are not recommended. Repeated administration of the drug in a higher dose is possible no earlier than 24 hours after the complete restoration of the physiological state of the animal.
Animals should be monitored after using the drug until their physiological state is fully restored.
When using the drug in combination with cataleptic and anesthetic drugs, their dosage should be reduced by two or three times from that indicated in the instructions for use. In some animals, after using the drug, there may be a short-term decrease in blood pressure, increased pulse and respiratory movements, these symptoms disappear spontaneously and usually do not require additional medical intervention. In case of severe respiratory insufficiency, the animal is given a chest massage to restore normal breathing.
In cattle, high doses of the drug can cause hypersalivation. When performing operations in cattle, the chest should be supported in a lateral or dorsal position and, if possible, the head and neck should be tilted to prevent aspiration of saliva or scar fluid. The use of atropine sulfate helps to reduce salivation.
In order to prevent vomiting in dogs and cats, animals must be kept on a starvation diet for 6-24 hours before using the drug.
In case of overdose and respiratory arrest, the animal is recommended to shower with cold water and artificial respiration. Specific antidotes of xylazine hydrochloride are alpha-adrenergic receptor blockers – yohimbine, tolazoline or atypamezole, which are used in animals in accordance with the instructions.
Contraindications and special instructions:
Avoid using the drug in females in the last trimester of pregnancy, due to the oxytocin-like effect on the uterus, except in cases of childbirth.
It is forbidden to use in animals with mechanical damage to the gastrointestinal tract (blockage of the esophagus, inversion of the stomach, hernia), with a history of impaired conduction of the heart muscle. In animals with lung diseases, the drug should be used with caution.
Withdrawal period:
meat: 5 days
milk: 4 days
